خنک‌کاری بسته باتری لیتیوم یون با استفاده از مواد تغییر فاز دهنده: مقاله مروری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک،دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی،تهران،ایران

10.22034/jrenew.2026.248098
چکیده
یکی از مهم ترین اجزای خودروهای برقی، باتری است. باتری‌های لیتیوم یون، در بین گزینه‌های دیگر باتری با توجه به قیمت تمام شده‌ی پایین‌تر، طول عمر و چگالی انرژی بالا، مورد توجه و استفاده‌ی بیشتری قرار گرفته اند. اما مشکلات تولید حرارت مربوط به این باتری‌ها استفاده از آن‌ها برای نیاز به چگالی بالای انرژی را با محدودیت‌هایی روبرو کرده است. از این رو، خنک‌کاری و مراقبت باتری لیتیوم یون از اهمیت ویژه ای برخوردار است. استراتژی‌های خنک‌کاری باتری به سه دسته اصلی خنک‌کاری فعال، خنک‌کاری غیرفعال و خنک‌کاری ترکیبی تقسیم بندی می‌شود. روش‌های معمول خنک‌کاری مجموعۀ باتری، روش‌های هواخنک، آب خنک ، لوله حرارتی، ترموالکتریک، صفحه سرد و مواد تغییرفازدهنده است. سامانه مدیریت حرارتی با مواد تغییرفازدهنده به تنهایی سامانه خنک‌کاری غیرفعال محسوب می‌شود. در این مقاله مروری سعی بر این است که مدیریت گرمایی باتری با استفاده از مواد تغییرفازدهنده‌ها به روش‌های غیرفعال و ترکیبی بررسی شود. مواد تغییرفازدهنده‌ها را می‌توان بر اساس تغییر حالت در زمان دریافت انرژی و تغییر فاز به سه دسته مایع - جامد، مایع – گاز و جامد – جامد تقسیم بندی کرد که دسته مایع – جامد پرکاربردترین هستند. مواد تغییرفازدهنده کاربردهای مختلفی از جمله ذخیره‌سازی انرژی خورشیدی و پردازنده مرکزی رایانه را دارند. همچنین در این مقاله برخی از نمونه‌های ساخته شده از بسته‌های باتری و مشخصات ماژول باتری، موم پارافین و پودر گرافیت آورده شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

 
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  • تاریخ دریافت 12 بهمن 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 08 خرداد 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 12 دی 1404