کاربری نانوژنراتورهای تریبوالکتریک در تولید انرژی‌های تجدید پذیر

نوع مقاله : مقاله ترویجی

نویسندگان

گروه ماده چگال دانشکده فیزیک دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران

10.22034/jrenew.2025.225525
چکیده
امروزه با رشد جمعیت جهان و صنعتی شدن کشورها، الگوی تولید و مصرف انرژی دچار تغییرات به‌سزایی شده است. با افزایش سطح تقاضای انرژی و با توجه به ذخایر محدود انرژی فسیلی و دائمی نبودن آن‌ها، جوامع بشری برآن ‌شده‌اند تا با بهره‌گیری از منابع طبیعی نامحدود همچون باد، آب و بدن انسان تغییراتی را در عرضه انرژی ایجاد کنند. با پیشرفت فناوری، استفاده از منابع تجدید پذیر به عنوان جایگزین مطمئنی برای منابع فسیلی مطرح ‌شده ولی روش‌های رایج در استفاده از این انرژی‌ها دارای نقاط ضعفی از جمله بازده پایین، هزینه بالا، وابستگی به شرایط جوی و دانش فنی پیچیده است. در این میان، نانوژنراتورهای تریبوالکتریک با چشم‌انداز بسیار امیدوارکننده، دروازه جدیدی را به سمت تامین انرژی گشوده‌اند. از آنجا که نانوژنراتورهای تریبوالکتریک توانایی تبدیل انرژی مکانیکی به انرژی الکتریکی را دارند می-توانند در زندگی روزمره کاربردهای بالقوه‌ای داشته باشند و به صورت فراگیر و به روش‌های مختلف از حرکات مکانیکی بشر و طبیعت، انرژی حاصل شود. در مقاله حاضر، مکانیسم تولید انرژی از نانوژنراتورهای تریبوالکتریک شرح داده شده است. سپس، کاربری نانوژنراتورهای تریبوالکتریک در تولید انرژی با بهرگیری از وزش باد، انرژی حاصل از حرکت اعضای بدن انسان، حرکت قطرات آب و امواج دریا، همچنین امواج صوتی و میدان مغناطیسی مورد مطالعه و بررسی قرار گرفته است. در پایان، مزایا و چالش‌های استفاده از نانوژنراتورهای تریبوالکتریک در زندگی روزمره و در مقیاس تجاری‌ مطرح شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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  • تاریخ دریافت 02 آبان 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 28 آذر 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 21 اردیبهشت 1404