برنامه‌ریزی بهینه شارژ/دشارژ خودروهای الکتریکی در پارکینگ‌های هوشمند به منظور پاسخگویی به نوسانات توان تولیدی منابع انرژی تجدیدپذیر با توان خروجی نوسانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی برق، مرکز آموزش عالی شهرضا، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی برق، مرکز آموزش عالی شهرضا، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده مهندسی برق، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

امروزه آلودگی‌های زیست محیطی و کاهش منابع تجدیدناپذیر از جمله سوخت‌های فسیلی، موجب شده است تا تولیدات پراکنده برق گسترش قابل توجهی یابد. از طرفی با گسترش روز افزون خودروهای الکتریکی، بررسی حضور خودروها بسیار با اهمیت است. زیرا حضور بدون برنامه خودروهای الکتریکی و شارژ همزمان آن‌ها تأثیرات مخربی بر پارامتر‌های شبکه توزیع برق خواهد داشت. لذا با مدیریت مناسب شارژ و دشارژ خودروهای الکتریکی در پارکینگ‌های هوشمند می‌توان از خودروهای الکتریکی در راستای بهبود پارامترهای شبکه و همچنین گسترش حضور منابع انرژی تجدیدپذیر استفاده نمود. از همین رو در این مقاله از پارکینگ‌های هوشمند خودروهای الکتریکی برای کاهش نوسانات توان تولیدی یک مجموعه منابع انرژی تجدیدپذیر استفاده می‌شود. در این راستا دو هدف اصلی این مقاله عبارت است از پاسخگویی به توان مبادله‌ای مورد نیاز برای کاهش نوسانات توان تولیدی منابع انرژی تجدیدپذیر و رسیدن سطح شارژ خودروها به سطح مناسب. این مدل پیشنهادی به صورت برنامه‌ریزی خطی آمیخته با اعداد صحیح مدل‌سازی شده و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار متلب حل می‌شود. نتایج شبیه‌سازی بر روی داده‌های پارکینگ شهر نمونه تهران نشان می‌دهند که مدیریت بهینه و مناسب خودروها علاوه بر آنکه سبب می‌شود خودروها در هنگام خروج به سطح شارژ مطلوب خود برسند، سبب کاهش قابل توجهی در تعداد باتری‌های مورد نیاز و در نتیجه هزینه بالای خرید و نصب باتری‌ها می­گردد.

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