ارزیابی مکانیزم‌های پویایی در نمای ساختمان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه فناوری معماری، دانشکده معماری و هنر، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد معماری، دانشکده معماری و هنر، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران

چکیده

با استفاده از نمای پویا شکل بیرونی ساختمان از حالت صلب خارج شده و علاوه­بر تطابق با نیاز کاربران و محیط، امکان کاهش مصرف انرژی در ساختمان فراهم می­شود. در این پژوهش ضمن معرفی نمای پویا در ساختمان، به معرفی الگوهای حرکتی عناصر تشکیل­دهنده نما پرداخته شده است. به منظور تحلیل ویژگی­های نماهای پویا، مشخصات 50 پروژه ساختمانی شاخص دنیا با نمای پویا که در چهار دهه اخیر ساخته شده‌اند از نظر نوع کاربری، هدف اصلی کاربرد پویایی در نما، مصالح به­کار رفته و دسته­بندی مکانیزم حرکتی نما، مورد بررسی قرار گرفته و نتایج تحلیل شده­اند. تحلیل ویژگی‌های نمونه­ها نشان می­دهد که هدف اصلی طرح نمای پویا، مدیریت نور و بهره­گیری بصری بوده و بیشترین میزان کاربرد این نما در ساختمان­های با کاربری فرهنگی و اداری است. نوع مصالح و سیستم­های محرکه در اکثر نمونه­ها، سلول­های فتوولتاییک، دیافراگم­های حساس به نور و صفحات­ خورشیدی بوده و مکانیزم حرکت کشویی و چرخشی رایج­ترین الگوی به­کار رفته در نمونه­های بررسی شده است. در نهایت یک نمونه نمای پویا که در اقلیم گرم‌ و خشک کشورمان می‌­تواند به‌­کار رود، توسط الگوی اوریگامی طراحی و ارائه شده ­است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


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