تاثیر کاربرد گرافن به عنوان ماده الکترودی بر بازده سلول ‌های خورشیدی پلیمری

نوع مقاله : مقاله ترویجی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترا، شیمی کاربردی، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران

2 استادیار، شیمی تجزیه (الکتروشیمی)، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران تهران، صندوق پستی 4413- 15875، leilanaji@aut.ac.ir

3 دانشیار، فیزیک، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران

چکیده

تولید انرژی با استفاده از پدیده‌ی فتوولتایی در سلول­‌های خورشیدی می­تواند از میزان وابستگی ما به سوخت­‌های فسیلی و تولید گاز‌های گلخانه­ای بکاهد.  سلول­‌های خورشیدی پلیمری در مقایسه با سایر انواع سلول­‌های خورشیدی، اگر چه راندمان تبدیل انرژی پایین تری دارند اما دارای مزایایی چون وزن کم، انعطاف پذیری و ضریب جذب بالا هستند و فرآیند‌های مربوط به تهیه‌ی آن‌ها نسبت به سلول ‌های خورشیدی سیلیکونی از هزینه‌ی کمتری برخوردار است. این دستگاه ‌ها از سه جزء اصلی فوتوآند، لایه‌ی فعال و کاتد تشکیل شده اند. فوتوآند اولین جزء در تماس با نور خورشید است. این لایه باید تا حد امکان شفاف باشد؛‌ بگونه ای که در ناحیه‌ی مرئی فاقد جذب بوده تا بتواند بیشتر تابش فرودی را از خود عبور دهد. همچنین از هدایت الکتریکی بالا و مقاومت پایینی برخوردار باشد. فوتوآند باید دارای تابع کار بالا باشد تا بتواند حفرات تولید شده توسط لایه‌ی فعال را بطور مطلوبی جمع آوری نماید.کاتد نیز بایستی از هدایت الکتریکی بالا و تابع کار پایین برای جمع آوری الکترون ‌ها برخوردار باشد. در این مقاله‌ی مروری به معرفی گرافن، خواص فیزیکی و تاثیر به کارگیری آن در راندمان سلول ‌های خورشیدی پلیمری پرداخته شده است. همچنین مقایسه­ای میان بازده تولید انرژی سلول­‌های خورشیدی با الکترود گرافنی و سلول­های خورشیدی با الکترود معمول و متداول ایندیوم قلع اکساید (ITO)، صورت گرفته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


 
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