عوامل موثر بر بهبود کارایی آب‌شیرین‌کن خورشیدی در ایران، مطالعه مروری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء، بهبهان، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، مهندسی سیستم‌های انرژی، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء، بهبهان، ایران

3 استادیار، مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء، بهبهان، ایران

چکیده
امروزه آب‌شیرین‌کن‌های خورشیدی یکی از راه‌حل‌های امیدوارکننده برای معضل کمبود آب آشامیدنی، به طور عمده در مناطق دوردست و کم‌جمعیت هستند. در پژوهش حاضر، به‌مرور مطالعات انجام‌گرفته در راستای بهبود بازدهی دستگاه‌های آب‌شیرین‌کن خورشیدی پرداخته می‌شود. زمینه‌های مورد بررسی به سه بخش عوامل خارجی، طراحی و مدل‌سازی و عوامل ویژه تقسیم‌بندی شده‌اند. عوامل خارجی مؤثر بر بازده عبارت‌اند از فن مکنده، لنزهای جمع‌کنندة خطی، تیغه‌های متخلخل، پیش‌گرمایش مایکروویو، بازتابنده‌های خارجی چرخان، واحد پاشش تبخیری و چگالنده‌های خارجی. در بخش طراحی و مدل‌سازی نیز عوامل مختلفی نظیر طراحی آب‌شیرین‌کن مبتنی بر مواد تغییرفازدهنده، طراحی آب‌شیرین‌کن قابل‌حمل یک‌نفره، طراحی جمع‌کنندة خورشیدی، طراحی یک نوع بهبودیافته از آب‌شیرین‌کن پلکانی و مدل‌سازی بهینة آب‌شیرین‌کن حوضچه‌ای مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. در آخرین بخش نیز تحلیل معیارهای ویژة مؤثر بر عملکرد آب‌شیرین‌کن‌های خورشیدی مورد نظیر میدان مغناطیسی، سطوح گسترش‌یافته، اثر ترموالکتریک، ردیاب خورشیدی، اثر استفاده از ماسه، اثر خوردگی بر اجزاء و مکان مناسب برای استفاده از آب‌شیرین‌کن مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. با استناد به نتایج پژوهش‌های انجام شده، عوامل خارجی هر کدام در مقیاس مشخص، بازده سامانه را از حداقل 86/5% مربوط به فن مکنده تا حداکثر 6/76% مربوط به لنزهای خطی بهبود می‌بخشند. همچنین معیارهای ویژه نیز افزایشی 11 درصدی مربوط به استفاده از 6 پله با ارتفاع 5/3 سانتی‌متر الی 77 درصدی مربوط به استفاده از جمع‌کننده‌های لوله خلأ را در بازده دستگاه به ثبت رساندند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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  • تاریخ دریافت 09 دی 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 07 اسفند 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 14 فروردین 1404