تحلیلی بر ساختمان های مسکونی تحت تاثیر تغییرات اقلیمی در دهه های آینده (نمونه موردی: ساختمان های مسکونی شهرک ارم تبریز)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه معماری، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه آب و هواشناسی، دانشکده برنامه ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

3 استاد، گروه آب و هواشناسی، دانشکده برنامه ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

4 استاد، گروه آب و هوا شناسی، دانشکده برنامه ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

چکیده
در حال حاضر ساختمان‌ها در حدود 30% از انرژی جهان را مصرف می‌کنند که پیش‌بینی می‌شود این مقدار تحت تاثیر تغییرات اقلیمی در آینده به طور قابل‌ملاحظه-ای افزایش یابد. هدف این پژوهش بررسی تاثیر تغییرات اقلیمی بر مصرف انرژی سالانه و مقایسه عملکرد راهکارهای کاهش مصرف انرژی طی شش دهه آتی می‌باشد. داده‌های آب‌و‌هوایی شهر تبریز مبتنی بر فایل ده ساله موجود و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار CCWorldWeatherGen برای سال‌های 2050 (2070-2041) و 2080 (2100-2071) تولید شد. پس از شناسایی تیپ غالب مسکونی در شهرک ارم تبریز، شبیه‌سازی‌های انرژی با استفاده از نرم‌افزار دیزاین بیلدر 7.0.0.096 برای وضعیت موجود و 60 سال آینده انجام گرفت. سپس با اعمال راهکارهای کاهش مصرف انرژی، عملکرد حرارتی بنا برای شرایط کنونی و آینده مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.

بررسی‌ها نشان داد در تمامی مدل‌ها، میزان انرژی گرمایشی در سال 2020 بیشترین مقدار را دارد و انرژی سرمایشی در سال 2050 و 2080 نسبت به سال 2020 به میزان حداکثر 69/28% و 34/63% افزایش می‌یابد. مدل WI با عایق‌بندی حرارتی و شیشه‌های دوجداره، دارای کمترین نوسان انرژی سرمایشی به میزان 66/66% در مقایسه با سایر مدل‌ها می‌باشد. مدل‌های گروه COM با بهره‌گیری از راهکارهای ترکیبی، در سال‌های 2020، 2050 و 2080 به ترتیب با کاهش 24/8 %، 95/11 %، 83/12 % انرژی، بهترین عملکرد را دارند. مقایسه عملکرد راهکارهای مختلف نشان داد که دو مدل با راهکار ترکیبی COM و عایق‌بندی حرارتی WI باعث بهبود عملکرد ساختمان در سال‌های 2020، 2050 و 2080 می‌شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


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