Briquettes and pellets, Solid fuels from biomass, Alternative energy sources

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

Department of wood and paper, University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

Abstract

Using of biomass for energy purpose in the path of sustainable energy supply and in response to increasing energy demand can be an effective solution. Biofuel reduces global warming impacts, which is today the main concern of the countries of the world by lowering greenhouse emissions and dependency of fossil fuels. Briquettes and pellets, as solid biofuels, are the most direct way of using energy from biological sources, because they only need a densification process instead of complex thermochemical and biochemical treatments. Densification process by applying pressure and temperature produces fuel briquettes and, which results in elastic and plastic deformations in biomass, increases density in biomass. Moreover energy density and durability in produced solid fuel increases. Creation of solid bridges between particle and mechanical interlocking, to density of its components, is a possible mechanism of particle bonding. Proximate and ultimate analyses can be used to measurement of intrinsic properties of particles such as ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and heating value that can deeply affect on combustion process. Also, fuel briquettes and pellets are qualitatively measured with properties such as density, durability and calorific value. Combustion of solid fuels involves drying mass loss stages, devolatilization and combustion of char. The major problem of solid biofuels is the amount of ash in comparison with coal, which results in fouling and corrosion on equipment. However, different researches can focus on reducing ash problems. 

Keywords

References

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History

  • Receive Date: 28 January 2019
  • Revise Date: 27 August 2019
  • Accept Date: 12 September 2019

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