A review of optimizing biogas production through pretreatment and pollution reduction

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor University of Mohaghegh Ardabili

2 University of Mohagheg Ardabili , Ardabil, Iran

Abstract
Aside from energy production, biogas technology also contributes to mitigating environmental impacts. One of the key advantages of biogas is that it does not compete with human food sources. However, the main limiting factors include the digestibility of hemicellulose and cellulose in biomass, along with challenges related to lignin, cellulose crystallinity, and particle size. Lignin, abundant in softwoods, poses a complex structure, and its isolation remains a challenging issue that researchers are endeavoring to address. In the realm of enhancing productivity and achieving cost savings in biogas production, various measures have been implemented, with pretreatment emerging as a viable approach. Pretreatment involving physical, chemical, or biological methods can be applied to the digestion process. At this juncture, the emphasis should be on utilizing efficient and cost-effective methods and materials. Shredding biomass reduces its crystallinity by increasing the biodegradable surface area. Acidic pretreatment, avoided due to its cost and negative environmental impact, contrasts with the environmentally friendly and low energy consumption associated with biological pretreatments. Among the alkaline pretreatments, NaOH plays a significant role. Strong alkaline pretreatment is recommended for small digesters, while medium acid pretreatment is more suitable for larger digesters. The utilization of zero-valent iron nanoparticles is deemed as the most promising approach for enhancing biogas production. Furthermore, carbon-based nanoparticles have demonstrated a significant capability to enhance biogas production through electron transmission., In order to make biogas production affordable and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, carbon dioxide and hydrogen produced from biogas were used in industrial applications.

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  • Receive Date 25 December 2023
  • Revise Date 12 April 2024
  • Accept Date 15 May 2024