Optimization of Perovskite Solar Cell Performance Using Graphene in the Electron Transport Layer and Using Anti-Reflection Coating

Shahraki, Mojtaba; Javanmard, Naser

doi:10.22034/jrenew.2026.239863

Optimization of Perovskite Solar Cell Performance Using Graphene in the Electron Transport Layer and Using Anti-Reflection Coating

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Mojtaba Shahraki

Naser Javanmard

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22034/jrenew.2026.239863

Abstract

One of the most important challenges facing perovskite solar cells is to increase their efficiency. Different methods can be used to increase the efficiency of this solar cells, where changing the layers around the perovskite is one approach. In this paper, the structure of perovskite solar cells has been investigated, simulated, and optimized. In these simulations, three different materials including TiO2, graphene, and a combination of these two materials with different percentages of graphene in the electron transport layer (ETL) is used. The results show that the combination of 5% graphene with TiO2 provides the best performance with a maximum current density of 22 mA/cm². Furthermore, the effect of the thickness of different layers on the efficiency of the solar cell has been investigated, and the impact of changes in the perovskite layer, hole transport layer, electron transport layer, and transparent oxide layer on the efficiency has been studied. Additionally, a particle swarm optimization method has been used to achieve the best possible structure. Finally, with the application of an anti-reflective coating (ARC) made of silicon dioxide (SiO2), the efficiency of the structure increased to 16.49%.

Keywords

Provskite

Anti Reflection coating

Graphene

Efficiency

Electron Transport Layer (ETL)

Subjects

Solar Energy

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