Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 TRNSYS simulation of water heating system based on flat plate solar collector in Iranian climate TRNSYS simulation of water heating system based on flat plate solar collector in Iranian climate 1 8 190653 10.22034/jrenew.2024.190653 FA Rahim Zahedi Department of New Energies and Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 0000-0001-6837-8729 Siavash Gitifar Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2022 11 20 The main part of the solar heating system is the solar collectors, the most common of which are the flat plate collector and the evacuated tube collector. In domestic use, solar hot water systems based on flat plate collectors are used more because of their low cost and minimal maintenance. Also, the outlet temperature of the collector corresponds to most domestic hot water needs. Solar hot water systems' performance varies with environmental conditions changes (atmospheric temperature, solar radiation, wind speed). This article modeled an indoor solar hot water system using TRANSYS software. This modeling is the development of a solar hot water system model based on an active flat plate collector. The developed model can predict the performance of the solar hot water system for different climatic and seasonal changes in the year. The system's long-term performance for Iranian weather conditions is evaluated and presented in the paper. Performance parameters such as the functional energy efficiency of the collector and hourly and monthly thermal efficiency are presented and discussed. Among the simulation results, it can be mentioned that the solar hot water system with a collector area of 5 square meters can meet more than 70% of the 400 liter needs of a household in Ahvaz, Iran. The main part of the solar heating system is the solar collectors, the most common of which are the flat plate collector and the evacuated tube collector. In domestic use, solar hot water systems based on flat plate collectors are used more because of their low cost and minimal maintenance. Also, the outlet temperature of the collector corresponds to most domestic hot water needs. Solar hot water systems' performance varies with environmental conditions changes (atmospheric temperature, solar radiation, wind speed). This article modeled an indoor solar hot water system using TRANSYS software. This modeling is the development of a solar hot water system model based on an active flat plate collector. The developed model can predict the performance of the solar hot water system for different climatic and seasonal changes in the year. The system's long-term performance for Iranian weather conditions is evaluated and presented in the paper. Performance parameters such as the functional energy efficiency of the collector and hourly and monthly thermal efficiency are presented and discussed. Among the simulation results, it can be mentioned that the solar hot water system with a collector area of 5 square meters can meet more than 70% of the 400 liter needs of a household in Ahvaz, Iran.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_190653_4da1db2f02adf8f7cdae55711fd1105f.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 Optimization of solar power plant location selection using a hybrid approach: a case study of West Azerbaijan Province Optimization of solar power plant location selection using a hybrid approach: a case study of West Azerbaijan Province 9 19 192199 10.22034/jrenew.2024.192199 FA Sana Nabati MSc student,, Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. Reza Babazadeh Associate Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. Ali Namazian Assistant professor, Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering. University of Kashan,. Kashan, Iran Journal Article 2023 11 04 Following the recent development trend in the struggle to clean the environment, solar energy is considered as a clean energy, one of the most desirable alternatives to non-renewable resources. This paper presents an integrated approach to face the challenge of PV power plant site selection using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and geographic information systems (GIS). The contribution of this research is in the development of an applicable approach for decision makers, in guiding the selection of the location of PV parks to achieve optimal performance and minimize costs, time and environmental effects. The important advantage of this research is the flexibility of the criteria's weight in the direction of the decision maker's goals. In this way, after determining the weight of the effective criteria, removing restrictions from the area and overlapping the weighted layers, an index called the Land Suitability Index (LSI) is defined. Based on this index, heavier areas are more favorable for building PV plants. Finally, the land suitability was grouped into five categories using the equal distance classification method. For further comparison, we tested two paths under the title of greater non-ecological weight and equal weight. The results showed that, like the basic approach, 22% of the area is ready to receive PV panels. However, the degree of suitability of some points in each approach had slight differences, which shows the flexibility of the chosen method. The decision maker can choose the appropriate path based on his goals. Following the recent development trend in the struggle to clean the environment, solar energy is considered as a clean energy, one of the most desirable alternatives to non-renewable resources. This paper presents an integrated approach to face the challenge of PV power plant site selection using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and geographic information systems (GIS). The contribution of this research is in the development of an applicable approach for decision makers, in guiding the selection of the location of PV parks to achieve optimal performance and minimize costs, time and environmental effects. The important advantage of this research is the flexibility of the criteria's weight in the direction of the decision maker's goals. In this way, after determining the weight of the effective criteria, removing restrictions from the area and overlapping the weighted layers, an index called the Land Suitability Index (LSI) is defined. Based on this index, heavier areas are more favorable for building PV plants. Finally, the land suitability was grouped into five categories using the equal distance classification method. For further comparison, we tested two paths under the title of greater non-ecological weight and equal weight. The results showed that, like the basic approach, 22% of the area is ready to receive PV panels. However, the degree of suitability of some points in each approach had slight differences, which shows the flexibility of the chosen method. The decision maker can choose the appropriate path based on his goals.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_192199_0c89cd4ca1141ac225f08f6f479a77aa.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 An Experimental Study on Simultaneous Use of Phase Change Material and Wind Stream to Increase Electrical Efficiency of Photovoltaic Module An Experimental Study on Simultaneous Use of Phase Change Material and Wind Stream to Increase Electrical Efficiency of Photovoltaic Module 20 27 192248 10.22034/jrenew.2024.192248 FA Marzieh Lotfi Department of Chemical Engineering, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Iran Amir Hossein Shiravi Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Iran Ahmad Reza Norouzi Department of Chemical Engineering, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Iran Yasin Chamaei Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Iran Mohammad Firoozzadeh Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Iran Journal Article 2023 04 09 In recent years, generation of electricity through photovoltaic power plants has developed rapidly. The availability of sunlight and the appropriate return on investment are two important factors in the impressive growth of photovoltaic (PV) power plants. Unfortunately, increase in PV cell temperature is one the main defects of them and it has a significant negative effect on the electrical efficiency of PV panels. In this paper, using paraffin as phase change material (PCM) on the performance of photovoltaic cells has been investigated experimentally. The material has melting point of about 58˚C. Also, the effect of airflow at two different velocities of 2 and 4 km/h in presence of paraffin have been tested, too. To have a better management on performing the tests, a solar simulator was used, so that the solar irradiation and wind stream were supplied by means of a projector and an industrial blower, respectively. Results showed 13-16˚C decrease in PV temperature for the three modified cases, in comparison with the conventional one. Moreover, the effect of mentioned temperature reduction on both electrical efficiency and output power were also studied. Finally, the environmental effects of commissioning a 10-kW PV power plant were checked by using RETScreen software. Accordingly, the annual reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission is estimated for all considered cases. In recent years, generation of electricity through photovoltaic power plants has developed rapidly. The availability of sunlight and the appropriate return on investment are two important factors in the impressive growth of photovoltaic (PV) power plants. Unfortunately, increase in PV cell temperature is one the main defects of them and it has a significant negative effect on the electrical efficiency of PV panels. In this paper, using paraffin as phase change material (PCM) on the performance of photovoltaic cells has been investigated experimentally. The material has melting point of about 58˚C. Also, the effect of airflow at two different velocities of 2 and 4 km/h in presence of paraffin have been tested, too. To have a better management on performing the tests, a solar simulator was used, so that the solar irradiation and wind stream were supplied by means of a projector and an industrial blower, respectively. Results showed 13-16˚C decrease in PV temperature for the three modified cases, in comparison with the conventional one. Moreover, the effect of mentioned temperature reduction on both electrical efficiency and output power were also studied. Finally, the environmental effects of commissioning a 10-kW PV power plant were checked by using RETScreen software. Accordingly, the annual reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission is estimated for all considered cases.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_192248_5438409a5b704adc704222e29120816a.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 Economic Evaluation of using Solar Energy in the Agricultural Sector of Khuzestan Province Economic Evaluation of using Solar Energy in the Agricultural Sector of Khuzestan Province 28 36 192696 10.22034/jrenew.2024.192696 FA Maryam Amanipoor Department of Economics and Maritime Insurance,, Faculty of Economics and Management, khoramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, khoramshahr, Iran Sahar Motamedi Assistant professor of economics and marine insurance department,, faculty of economics and management, khoramshahr university of marine science and technology, khoramshahr, Iran 0000-0003-2963-654X Ebrahim Ghasemi Varnamkhasti Assistant professor of economics and marine insurance department, ,faculty of Economics and Management, khoramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khoramshahr, Iran Journal Article 2023 10 31 This study aims to economically evaluate the use of solar energy in the agricultural sector of Khuzestan Province, Iran. The necessity of using solar energy in this sector is highlighted by the yearly rise in power consumption in Khuzestan Province, especially in the agricultural sector, and the concurrence of peak consumption with cultivation seasons in spring and summer. Therefore, the EUAC approach was adopted in Excel to evaluate the per-kWh cost of electricity from the national grid and the off-grid solar power plant in four agricultural settlements, i.e., Noturky of Izeh, Shohadaye Andimeshk, Pashminezar of Andimeshk, and Zanshush in Khuzestan Province. According to the results, the costs are directly correlated with the distance of settlements from the nearest power transmission line and their electricity consumption. The analysis and comparison of electricity costs from the grid and the off-grid solar power plant in these settlements showed that solar energy had economic justification in the Noturky settlement of Izeh with the daily electricity consumption of 20 kW. However, due to the high construction costs of solar power plants and the low rates of grid electricity for the agricultural sector, the use of solar energy is not economically viable in other settlements with electricity consumption over 20 kW. This study aims to economically evaluate the use of solar energy in the agricultural sector of Khuzestan Province, Iran. The necessity of using solar energy in this sector is highlighted by the yearly rise in power consumption in Khuzestan Province, especially in the agricultural sector, and the concurrence of peak consumption with cultivation seasons in spring and summer. Therefore, the EUAC approach was adopted in Excel to evaluate the per-kWh cost of electricity from the national grid and the off-grid solar power plant in four agricultural settlements, i.e., Noturky of Izeh, Shohadaye Andimeshk, Pashminezar of Andimeshk, and Zanshush in Khuzestan Province. According to the results, the costs are directly correlated with the distance of settlements from the nearest power transmission line and their electricity consumption. The analysis and comparison of electricity costs from the grid and the off-grid solar power plant in these settlements showed that solar energy had economic justification in the Noturky settlement of Izeh with the daily electricity consumption of 20 kW. However, due to the high construction costs of solar power plants and the low rates of grid electricity for the agricultural sector, the use of solar energy is not economically viable in other settlements with electricity consumption over 20 kW.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_192696_c786b0e233b5312efe25d1cb674ceb79.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 Feasibility of roof top rainwater harvesting potential (case study: Faculty of Arts and Architecture, University of Mazandaran) Feasibility of roof top rainwater harvesting potential (case study: Faculty of Arts and Architecture, University of Mazandaran) 37 46 193130 10.22034/jrenew.2024.193130 FA Marjan Rostami Georgie umz Fateme Shabanpour Kasgari UMZ Mostafa Gholipour Gashniani Assistant professor, Architecture, Arts and Architecture, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran. Journal Article 2023 05 26 The most basic human need is water. In recent years, we have been facing the problem of water shortage due to climate change, decreased rainfall and improper use of resources, especially in Iran, where a large part of the country consists of dry areas. At Mazandaran University, we have consistently witnessed surface runoff flooding. Therefore, it is appropriate to consider of a water management plan to address these needs through proper planning. rainwater harvesting has been an institutionalized practice in Iran since ancient times in Iran, and in light of the United Nation’s latest warning at the 2023 Water Conference regarding the worsening of the water shortage situation, the objective of this paper is to investigate a rainwater harvesting system for Mazandaran University, in order to reach to green technologies. the current paper focuses on the feasibility to rainwater harvesting, as well as quantitative and qualitative analysis. The findings in this study indicate that during the fall season, a tank volume of 1500 cubic meters is recommended, while during the winter season, a tank volume of 750 cubic meters is enough. For the spring season, a tank volume of 600 cubic meters is recommended, and for the summer season, a tank volume of 360 cubic meters is sufficient, By implementing a 1500 cubic meter tank in the Faculty of Arts and Architecture, it is possible to harness the potential of harvesting water during periods of water shortage. The most basic human need is water. In recent years, we have been facing the problem of water shortage due to climate change, decreased rainfall and improper use of resources, especially in Iran, where a large part of the country consists of dry areas. At Mazandaran University, we have consistently witnessed surface runoff flooding. Therefore, it is appropriate to consider of a water management plan to address these needs through proper planning. rainwater harvesting has been an institutionalized practice in Iran since ancient times in Iran, and in light of the United Nation’s latest warning at the 2023 Water Conference regarding the worsening of the water shortage situation, the objective of this paper is to investigate a rainwater harvesting system for Mazandaran University, in order to reach to green technologies. the current paper focuses on the feasibility to rainwater harvesting, as well as quantitative and qualitative analysis. The findings in this study indicate that during the fall season, a tank volume of 1500 cubic meters is recommended, while during the winter season, a tank volume of 750 cubic meters is enough. For the spring season, a tank volume of 600 cubic meters is recommended, and for the summer season, a tank volume of 360 cubic meters is sufficient, By implementing a 1500 cubic meter tank in the Faculty of Arts and Architecture, it is possible to harness the potential of harvesting water during periods of water shortage.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_193130_77dc93e3d0adee19da971cdf4b6c7db7.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 Improvement of Natural Ventilation in Corridor Spaces of Ahvaz Office Buildings through Intervention in Architecture Improvement of Natural Ventilation in Corridor Spaces of Ahvaz Office Buildings through Intervention in Architecture 47 56 193468 10.22034/jrenew.2024.193468 FA Omid Rahaei Assistant Professor, School of Architecture and Urbanism, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University (SRTTU), Tehran, Iran 0000-0003-3125-7012 Shekoofeh Abi Institute for Higher Education ACECR Khouzestan, Ahvaz ,Iran Arash Shams Taleghani Department of Aeronautical Science and Technology, Aerospace Research Institute, Tehran, Iran 0000-0003-0720-4287 Tooran Zandi Science and Research University of Khouzestan, Ahvaz , Iran Journal Article 2022 12 03 One of the most important problems of office buildings in hot and humid cities like Ahvaz is the lack of effective ventilation of closed corridor spaces. Due to the low traffic and the reduction of energy costs, the use of air conditioning systems in these corridors is not of much concern to their owners. The main goal of this research is to improve the ventilation quality in the corridor spaces of Ahvaz office buildings, which is possible through modifying the architectural elements and position of blowers and suckers. The current research is a kind of interdisciplinary research method: it is a hybrid and innovative method and involves the strategies of experimental research, simulation and case study. In this way, first an experimental study was conducted on the statistical population of the research (corridor spaces of Ahvaz office buildings) and after selecting case study, observations and periodical experimental tests were occured, interventions in architecture and research variables were carried out with the simulation method. In this research, CFD method was used to perform simulations and analysis, and Gambit preprocessor and Fluent software were used (after proving validity and reliability). The results showed that the use of ceiling fans and the change in the dimensions and shape of the corridors, according to the results of this research and the prediction of the back-to-the-wind suction, effectively improved the indoor air flow pattern and by reducing the age of stagnant air and establishing a constant air flow, Provides effective ventilation. One of the most important problems of office buildings in hot and humid cities like Ahvaz is the lack of effective ventilation of closed corridor spaces. Due to the low traffic and the reduction of energy costs, the use of air conditioning systems in these corridors is not of much concern to their owners. The main goal of this research is to improve the ventilation quality in the corridor spaces of Ahvaz office buildings, which is possible through modifying the architectural elements and position of blowers and suckers. The current research is a kind of interdisciplinary research method: it is a hybrid and innovative method and involves the strategies of experimental research, simulation and case study. In this way, first an experimental study was conducted on the statistical population of the research (corridor spaces of Ahvaz office buildings) and after selecting case study, observations and periodical experimental tests were occured, interventions in architecture and research variables were carried out with the simulation method. In this research, CFD method was used to perform simulations and analysis, and Gambit preprocessor and Fluent software were used (after proving validity and reliability). The results showed that the use of ceiling fans and the change in the dimensions and shape of the corridors, according to the results of this research and the prediction of the back-to-the-wind suction, effectively improved the indoor air flow pattern and by reducing the age of stagnant air and establishing a constant air flow, Provides effective ventilation.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_193468_56457873f73b77417e1626ee067af2fd.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 Evaluating the impact of building’s material in the energy consumption of an educational space in Tehran Evaluating the impact of building’s material in the energy consumption of an educational space in Tehran 57 67 193797 10.22034/jrenew.2024.193797 FA Sedigheh Moradi Master student, Architectural Engineering, Assaluyeh Branch, Payame Noor University, Bushehr, Iran Hamidreza Ameri Siyahooi Faculty Member, Architecture and Urban Planning, Payame Noor University Bandar Abbas Branch, Hormozgan, Iran Community Verified icon Journal Article 2022 03 02 Abstract Currently, countries are paying more attention to the issue of energy and trying to reduce its consumption. Since buildings are one of the largest consumers of energy in the world, so optimizing and saving energy consumption in this sector is essential. In this study, with the aim of selecting the optimal materials in energy consumption, the effect of materials on energy consumption in educational buildings in Tehran was investigated. In order to achieve this important goal, 6 buildings with the same architecture, 2 types of structural materials and 3 different types of insulation in external walls Was simulated with Design Builder software. According to the simulation results, buildings made of exterior brick wall materials consume less energy than concrete block walls in similar conditions. Also, in the three types of insulation studied in this research, the use of silicone insulation has the highest energy consumption and fiberglass insulation has been the most optimal material in terms of energy consumption. Insulation of phase change materials is in the middle. This insulation has a better performance in terms of energy consumption than silicon, but it has a higher energy consumption than fiberglass insulation. According to the mentioned results, it is suggested to use a building with a brick wall and fiberglass insulation for an educational building in the climate of Tehran in order to reduce energy consumption and optimize it. Abstract Currently, countries are paying more attention to the issue of energy and trying to reduce its consumption. Since buildings are one of the largest consumers of energy in the world, so optimizing and saving energy consumption in this sector is essential. In this study, with the aim of selecting the optimal materials in energy consumption, the effect of materials on energy consumption in educational buildings in Tehran was investigated. In order to achieve this important goal, 6 buildings with the same architecture, 2 types of structural materials and 3 different types of insulation in external walls Was simulated with Design Builder software. According to the simulation results, buildings made of exterior brick wall materials consume less energy than concrete block walls in similar conditions. Also, in the three types of insulation studied in this research, the use of silicone insulation has the highest energy consumption and fiberglass insulation has been the most optimal material in terms of energy consumption. Insulation of phase change materials is in the middle. This insulation has a better performance in terms of energy consumption than silicon, but it has a higher energy consumption than fiberglass insulation. According to the mentioned results, it is suggested to use a building with a brick wall and fiberglass insulation for an educational building in the climate of Tehran in order to reduce energy consumption and optimize it.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_193797_505e0e3c9e9e775ef946697bdf6c97df.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 Modeling and development of microchannel condenser thermodynamic analysis code used in air conditioning systems Modeling and development of microchannel condenser thermodynamic analysis code used in air conditioning systems 68 79 193870 10.22034/jrenew.2024.193870 FA Mahdi Hashemabadi Faculty of Aerospace, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran Jamasb Pirkandi Faculty of Aerospace, Malek-Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2023 06 19 Heat exchangers play a very important role in various equipment. The new approach in this field is the use of microchannel heat exchangers, which, by increasing the heat transfer rate per unit of surface area or weight, have become the main candidates for use in different equipment compared to traditional heat exchangers. In refrigeration cycles, these heat exchangers are usually used in air condensers. In this research, an analytical code has been developed for the simulation and design of the microchannel condensers. In this simulation, instead of using the formulas for determining the single-channel heat transfer coefficient such as Dobson and Chato relations, formulas related to multi-channel tubes have been used, which are extracted from reliable and new sources and have high accuracy. This code is written in engineering equation solving software due to having a powerful database for different refrigerants. For the validation of the developed code, four condensers of different dimensions and with different refrigerants were selected to compare the data of the developed code with valid experimental data available for these four condensers as well as the data of past analytical codes. The results show that the accuracy of the developed code is much higher than the previous works and it estimates the heat capacity of the condenser and the temperature of the air and refrigerant side with an error of less than 10%. The developed code provides significant cost savings in the design and optimization process of heat exchangers. Heat exchangers play a very important role in various equipment. The new approach in this field is the use of microchannel heat exchangers, which, by increasing the heat transfer rate per unit of surface area or weight, have become the main candidates for use in different equipment compared to traditional heat exchangers. In refrigeration cycles, these heat exchangers are usually used in air condensers. In this research, an analytical code has been developed for the simulation and design of the microchannel condensers. In this simulation, instead of using the formulas for determining the single-channel heat transfer coefficient such as Dobson and Chato relations, formulas related to multi-channel tubes have been used, which are extracted from reliable and new sources and have high accuracy. This code is written in engineering equation solving software due to having a powerful database for different refrigerants. For the validation of the developed code, four condensers of different dimensions and with different refrigerants were selected to compare the data of the developed code with valid experimental data available for these four condensers as well as the data of past analytical codes. The results show that the accuracy of the developed code is much higher than the previous works and it estimates the heat capacity of the condenser and the temperature of the air and refrigerant side with an error of less than 10%. The developed code provides significant cost savings in the design and optimization process of heat exchangers.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_193870_c489b323f11a95000772b6efcfd23314.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 Investigation of the impact of SSSC on the stability of the power system connected to wind turbines based on SCIG and DFIG Investigation of the impact of SSSC on the stability of the power system connected to wind turbines based on SCIG and DFIG 80 89 196245 10.22034/jrenew.2024.196245 FA Ahmadreza Abdollahi Chirani Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran 0000-0002-6903-4378 Ali Karami Associate Professor, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. Journal Article 2023 06 16 The investment capacity in wind power generation is growing significantly. However, the increasing penetration of wind energy in the network may lead to instability of the system and this may have negative impacts on the power quality of the system. In recent years, the effects of wind turbines on the voltage stability of power systems have received much attention. In the past, wind turbines based on squirrel cage induction generator (SCIG) were usually used due to their low cost and simplicity. But in recent years, wind turbines based on doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) are mostly used because they are more stable. Recent studies have shown that the performance of the grid-connected wind turbines can be improved by employing flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS) devices. In this paper, the performance of a 9 MW wind turbine based on SCIG and DFIG in the presence and absence of static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), at the point of common connection (PCC) is investigated, considering single-phase and two-phase short circuit faults. A voltage stability index (VSI) is used to evaluate the stability of the wind turbines. The simulation results show that in the case of a two-phase fault that the system variables experience some oscillations, SSSC helps to damp out the generated oscillations faster and improve system stability. In particular, in the presence of SSSC, oscillations for the wind turbine voltage, reactive power and active power are damped out about 0.3, 0.5 and 0.6 seconds faster, respectively. All simulations are performed in MATLAB/Simulink software. The investment capacity in wind power generation is growing significantly. However, the increasing penetration of wind energy in the network may lead to instability of the system and this may have negative impacts on the power quality of the system. In recent years, the effects of wind turbines on the voltage stability of power systems have received much attention. In the past, wind turbines based on squirrel cage induction generator (SCIG) were usually used due to their low cost and simplicity. But in recent years, wind turbines based on doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) are mostly used because they are more stable. Recent studies have shown that the performance of the grid-connected wind turbines can be improved by employing flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS) devices. In this paper, the performance of a 9 MW wind turbine based on SCIG and DFIG in the presence and absence of static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), at the point of common connection (PCC) is investigated, considering single-phase and two-phase short circuit faults. A voltage stability index (VSI) is used to evaluate the stability of the wind turbines. The simulation results show that in the case of a two-phase fault that the system variables experience some oscillations, SSSC helps to damp out the generated oscillations faster and improve system stability. In particular, in the presence of SSSC, oscillations for the wind turbine voltage, reactive power and active power are damped out about 0.3, 0.5 and 0.6 seconds faster, respectively. All simulations are performed in MATLAB/Simulink software.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_196245_3092010b35f6d9f488f8c891681586b6.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 Multi-objective optimization of visual and thermal comfort in classrooms as a function of room dimensions and proportions (case study : secondary high schools in Tabriz city) Multi-objective optimization of visual and thermal comfort in classrooms as a function of room dimensions and proportions (case study : secondary high schools in Tabriz city) 90 99 196246 10.22034/jrenew.2024.196246 FA Elham Saligheh Department of architecture and urbanism, Islamic art university of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Aida Maleki Tabriz Islamic Art University 0000-0003-3490-3251 Yaser Shahbazi Department of Architecture and Urbanism, Islamic art university of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Abbas Ghaffari Department of Architecture and Urbanism, Islamic art university of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Journal Article 2023 12 06 The complexity of the design and the abundance of aspects that must be considered simultaneously by designers make it necessary to pay attention to different variables, which leads to the optimization of different functions. Other results of studies in this area are the identification of different variables. This study aims to investigate the effects of the dimensional variables and the ratio of area to volume of the classroom on the visual and thermal comfort of the users. For this purpose, the performance of the model in terms of the variables of and thermal comfort was investigated based on the weather data of Tabriz city using the simulator plugins Honeybee and Ladybug and the optimization plugin Octopus based on the evolutionary algorithm. The results of the survey show that the area-to-volume ratio of desired classrooms ranges from 1.16 to 1.69. The outcomes deemed optimal for the objectives of glare probability and daylight autonomy suggest that the most favorable solutions lie within the lower range of the surface area-to-volume ratio. Conversely, concerning comparative thermal comfort, the optimal solutions are found within the upper portion of the aforementioned range. The complexity of the design and the abundance of aspects that must be considered simultaneously by designers make it necessary to pay attention to different variables, which leads to the optimization of different functions. Other results of studies in this area are the identification of different variables. This study aims to investigate the effects of the dimensional variables and the ratio of area to volume of the classroom on the visual and thermal comfort of the users. For this purpose, the performance of the model in terms of the variables of and thermal comfort was investigated based on the weather data of Tabriz city using the simulator plugins Honeybee and Ladybug and the optimization plugin Octopus based on the evolutionary algorithm. The results of the survey show that the area-to-volume ratio of desired classrooms ranges from 1.16 to 1.69. The outcomes deemed optimal for the objectives of glare probability and daylight autonomy suggest that the most favorable solutions lie within the lower range of the surface area-to-volume ratio. Conversely, concerning comparative thermal comfort, the optimal solutions are found within the upper portion of the aforementioned range.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_196246_9419a21d1ed58328b28a5b1f1ccca838.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 Investigating the reaction route in the pyrolysis process of some of municipal wastes Investigating the reaction route in the pyrolysis process of some of municipal wastes 100 106 196247 10.22034/jrenew.2024.196247 FA Ayla Ahmadi Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran Mortaza Gholizadeh Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Mehrab Fallahi-Samberan Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran Leila Amirkhani Department of Chemical Engineering, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran Journal Article 2024 01 15 Nowadays, urban waste is accumulated in nature in large quantities and causes pollution of the environment, air and underground water resources. Various methods have been considered for waste disposal, which can be mentioned as burying and burning as the main methods of waste management, both of which cause a lot of pollution to the environment. Recently, the pyrolysis process is proposed as a new method to convert municipal waste into liquid and gaseous fuel in research. But different wastes take different paths during this process, which leads to the production of fuels with different compositions. For this purpose, in order to produce fuel with certain characteristics, the reaction mechanism that depends on the type of feed should be determined. In this research, the path of pyrolysis reaction of low density polyethylene, cardboard, tire and poplar wood was chosen as the waste that represents a major part of urban waste. Their pyrolysis was done separately and together. The results showed that the type of feed determines the amount and composition of the resulting liquid fuel. Also, in the pyrolysis of mixed waste, a different reaction path was observed compared to the reaction path of individual feed pyrolysis, which indicated the existence of secondary reactions between the components of individual feed pyrolysis products. Nowadays, urban waste is accumulated in nature in large quantities and causes pollution of the environment, air and underground water resources. Various methods have been considered for waste disposal, which can be mentioned as burying and burning as the main methods of waste management, both of which cause a lot of pollution to the environment. Recently, the pyrolysis process is proposed as a new method to convert municipal waste into liquid and gaseous fuel in research. But different wastes take different paths during this process, which leads to the production of fuels with different compositions. For this purpose, in order to produce fuel with certain characteristics, the reaction mechanism that depends on the type of feed should be determined. In this research, the path of pyrolysis reaction of low density polyethylene, cardboard, tire and poplar wood was chosen as the waste that represents a major part of urban waste. Their pyrolysis was done separately and together. The results showed that the type of feed determines the amount and composition of the resulting liquid fuel. Also, in the pyrolysis of mixed waste, a different reaction path was observed compared to the reaction path of individual feed pyrolysis, which indicated the existence of secondary reactions between the components of individual feed pyrolysis products.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_196247_c1709cb2d99094145572f0c95f1c494b.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 The potential of using CCUS units in the Iran's industries with an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) The potential of using CCUS units in the Iran's industries with an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) 107 116 197540 10.22034/jrenew.2024.197540 FA Sobhan Herfat Renewable energy, mechanics and energy, Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran Abolghasem Mosayyebi Jirhandeh Renewable energy, mechanics and energy, Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran Majid Zandi Renewable energy, mechanics and energy, Shahid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran 0000-0002-9456-2797 Journal Article 2023 05 02 The increasing demand for energy in countries and the use of fossil fuels has increased the global concern for the emission of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. As one of the solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the world, the use of Carbon Capture Technology, especially CCUS, has attracted the attention of experts in various fields. However, the use of CCUS facilities did not go well for several reasons. Multiple technical options, use in diverse industries and complex evaluation systems of CCUS are important reasons. The use of this technology is another point of various concerns of the involved stakeholders, which leads to problems in decision making. Therefore, in this research, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process for Iran, six criteria have been defined, compared and evaluated from the point of view of total price, technological attractiveness, technological capability, cultural, passive and environmental defense. The evaluation results and related interpretations are examined from different perspectives. By adopting this evaluation method and creating a comprehensive model, decision makers can determine their needs and carry out multi-dimensional evaluation and get ideas for judgment or relevant decisions for the implementation of CCUS pilot projects. The increasing demand for energy in countries and the use of fossil fuels has increased the global concern for the emission of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. As one of the solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the world, the use of Carbon Capture Technology, especially CCUS, has attracted the attention of experts in various fields. However, the use of CCUS facilities did not go well for several reasons. Multiple technical options, use in diverse industries and complex evaluation systems of CCUS are important reasons. The use of this technology is another point of various concerns of the involved stakeholders, which leads to problems in decision making. Therefore, in this research, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process for Iran, six criteria have been defined, compared and evaluated from the point of view of total price, technological attractiveness, technological capability, cultural, passive and environmental defense. The evaluation results and related interpretations are examined from different perspectives. By adopting this evaluation method and creating a comprehensive model, decision makers can determine their needs and carry out multi-dimensional evaluation and get ideas for judgment or relevant decisions for the implementation of CCUS pilot projects.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_197540_dac1f18e1ae7679d5bbac2d28b4e17bc.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 An Analysis of Residential Buildings under the Influence of Climate Change in the Coming Decades (Case Study: Residential Buildings of Eram, Tabriz) An Analysis of Residential Buildings under the Influence of Climate Change in the Coming Decades (Case Study: Residential Buildings of Eram, Tabriz) 117 127 198283 10.22034/jrenew.2024.198283 FA Paria Saadatjoo Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran 0000-0002-5720-9097 Ali Alizadeh Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Climatology, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Saeed Jahanbakhsh Asl Professor, Department of Climatology, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Ali Mohammad Khorshiddoust Professor, Department of Climatology, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. Behrouz Sari Sarraf Professor, Department of Climatology, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Journal Article 2023 10 19 Buildings presently use 30% of global energy, set to rise due to climate change. This study assesses climate change's impact on energy consumption(heating/cooling loads) in Tabriz over six decades. It also compares the effect of several energy efficient solutions in buildings. Future weather data for 2050 and 2080 was generated by CCWorldWeatherGen based on existing files. Identifying the prevalent housing type in Eram, energy simulations for the current and next 60 years used Design Builder 7.0.0.096. Applying energy reduction strategies, the study evaluates thermal performance, energy consumption, and environmental impact. In all models, heating peaks in 2020, and cooling surges by 28.69% and 63.34% in 2050 and 2080 versus 2020. Model WI shows the lowest cooling energy variation at 66.66%. COM models rank as the most efficient in 2020, 2050, and 2080, cutting energy consumption by 8.24%, 11.95%, and 12.83%. Climate change raises annual energy consumption by 4% in the current building model. Comparing strategies, two models—COM and thermal insulation WI—enhance building performance in 2020, 2050, and 2080. These findings stress the urgency of implementing strategies to mitigate climate-induced escalation in building energy consumption. Buildings presently use 30% of global energy, set to rise due to climate change. This study assesses climate change's impact on energy consumption(heating/cooling loads) in Tabriz over six decades. It also compares the effect of several energy efficient solutions in buildings. Future weather data for 2050 and 2080 was generated by CCWorldWeatherGen based on existing files. Identifying the prevalent housing type in Eram, energy simulations for the current and next 60 years used Design Builder 7.0.0.096. Applying energy reduction strategies, the study evaluates thermal performance, energy consumption, and environmental impact. In all models, heating peaks in 2020, and cooling surges by 28.69% and 63.34% in 2050 and 2080 versus 2020. Model WI shows the lowest cooling energy variation at 66.66%. COM models rank as the most efficient in 2020, 2050, and 2080, cutting energy consumption by 8.24%, 11.95%, and 12.83%. Climate change raises annual energy consumption by 4% in the current building model. Comparing strategies, two models—COM and thermal insulation WI—enhance building performance in 2020, 2050, and 2080. These findings stress the urgency of implementing strategies to mitigate climate-induced escalation in building energy consumption.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_198283_4cc7ec6bedb1635a4df6475d5a23f3b7.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 solar energy and sustainable economic development in Iran solar energy and sustainable economic development in Iran 128 137 198810 10.22034/jrenew.2024.198810 FA Ali Hossein Ostadzad Assistant professor, Department of Energy Engineering, Larestan University, Lar, Iran 0000-0002-2411-8340 Journal Article 2023 12 26 Solar energy as a renewable energy source has been considered by different countries in the framework of climate change. Since there are limited studies on how to have sustainable energy access, the main purpose of this research is to investigate the role of solar energy in sustainable energy access using the systems dynamics approach. In this study, four sub-systems of energy, economy, society and environment have been defined using the systems dynamics approach. Furthermore, energy security is defined as the availability of sufficient energy supply to encounter existing demand. After determining and defining the circular causal diagram, flow diagram, validation and simulation of the system, separate policies along with the combined policy are presented to improve the system. These policies include increasing investment in the renewable energy sector, increasing the subsity of non-renewable energy and reducing energy intensity. The simulation results have shown that for sustainable development, the government should focus on increasing the share of renewable energy in the total energy production. On the other hand, with growth of the solar industry, the amount of employment in this industry will increase. As a result, it is possible to increase the number of specialists and professional employees in this industry by providing a two-year training program to gain the necessary experience. Solar energy as a renewable energy source has been considered by different countries in the framework of climate change. Since there are limited studies on how to have sustainable energy access, the main purpose of this research is to investigate the role of solar energy in sustainable energy access using the systems dynamics approach. In this study, four sub-systems of energy, economy, society and environment have been defined using the systems dynamics approach. Furthermore, energy security is defined as the availability of sufficient energy supply to encounter existing demand. After determining and defining the circular causal diagram, flow diagram, validation and simulation of the system, separate policies along with the combined policy are presented to improve the system. These policies include increasing investment in the renewable energy sector, increasing the subsity of non-renewable energy and reducing energy intensity. The simulation results have shown that for sustainable development, the government should focus on increasing the share of renewable energy in the total energy production. On the other hand, with growth of the solar industry, the amount of employment in this industry will increase. As a result, it is possible to increase the number of specialists and professional employees in this industry by providing a two-year training program to gain the necessary experience.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_198810_3e83b1fc7b749cef96f56766536d7f07.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 Thermodynamic and exergoeconomic analysis of waste energy recovery of a diesel engine using a dual organic Rankine cycle Thermodynamic and exergoeconomic analysis of waste energy recovery of a diesel engine using a dual organic Rankine cycle 138 146 200018 10.22034/jrenew.2024.200018 FA Mohammad Javad Noroozi Assist. Prof., Energy and Environment Research Group, Ayatollah Boroujerdi University, Boroujerd, Iran 0000-0003-3448-7518 Armin Emamifar Assist. Prof., Energy and Environment Research Group, Ayatollah Boroujerdi University, Boroujerd, Iran Issa Mokhtari BSc of Mech. Eng., Ayatollah Boroujerdi University, Boroujerd, Iran Journal Article 2023 09 15 In the present research, the thermodynamic and exergoeconomic analysis of using the waste heat of a diesel engine to produce power has been investigated. In the dual cycle used, the high temperature cycle uses the energy of the exhaust gases and the low temperature cycle uses R245fa and R134a as the working fluid, respectively, in order to recover the waste heat of the intake air and engine cooling fluid. Energy analysis shows that the net power values of low temperature cycle, high temperature cycle and net power of the cycle are equal to 11.45 kW, 6.98 kW and 16.65 kW, respectively. Also, the energy and exergy efficiency of the cycle are obtained as 17.36% and 28.29%, respectively. The results of the economic analysis show that the evaporator and turbine of the high-temperature cycle have the highest overall cost compared to other cycle components and it is necessary to pay more attention than other system components. In addition, the overall exergy-economic factor of the cycle is equal to 32.52%. Therefore, 67.48% of the total costs of the cycle are due to exergy destruction, and the high temperature cycle evaporator has a significant contribution to these costs. In the present research, the thermodynamic and exergoeconomic analysis of using the waste heat of a diesel engine to produce power has been investigated. In the dual cycle used, the high temperature cycle uses the energy of the exhaust gases and the low temperature cycle uses R245fa and R134a as the working fluid, respectively, in order to recover the waste heat of the intake air and engine cooling fluid. Energy analysis shows that the net power values of low temperature cycle, high temperature cycle and net power of the cycle are equal to 11.45 kW, 6.98 kW and 16.65 kW, respectively. Also, the energy and exergy efficiency of the cycle are obtained as 17.36% and 28.29%, respectively. The results of the economic analysis show that the evaporator and turbine of the high-temperature cycle have the highest overall cost compared to other cycle components and it is necessary to pay more attention than other system components. In addition, the overall exergy-economic factor of the cycle is equal to 32.52%. Therefore, 67.48% of the total costs of the cycle are due to exergy destruction, and the high temperature cycle evaporator has a significant contribution to these costs.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_200018_56f8d3a3f6ead8b63617186c0a1123c5.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 Numerical Modeling of Pistachio Dryer by Catalytic Radiant Heaters Numerical Modeling of Pistachio Dryer by Catalytic Radiant Heaters 147 154 200568 10.22034/jrenew.2024.200568 FA Vahid Ebrahimpour ph.d Student , Mechanical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Damavand branch, Damavand.Iran. Esmaeilpour Kazem Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Damavand Branch, Damavand Journal Article 2023 08 08 The method of drying pistachios in compliance with international standards is developing significantly. Iran can be considered one of the top five producers of pistachios in the world. To preserve the nutritional value of pistachios for a long time and also to prevent them from spoiling, pistachios should be dried first and then stored. Different methods of pistachio drying often affect its taste and quality. Therefore, in this article, a new method for drying pistachios based on catalytic heaters is proposed. In this research, the numerical modeling of a pistachio dryer using catalytic heaters as the latest combustion technology with high efficiency has been discussed The main goal of this research is to evaluate a mathematical model in order to investigate the effect of various functional parameters of the catalytic heater on the amount of shrinkage of dried pistachios, which indicates the drying quality of the product. The result of this research seeks to answer the question whether it is possible to obtain high-quality dried pistachios by using a catalytic heater compared to other drying methods. The results obtained from the numerical modeling show the very favorable quality of dried pistachios with the catalytic heater method. The method of drying pistachios in compliance with international standards is developing significantly. Iran can be considered one of the top five producers of pistachios in the world. To preserve the nutritional value of pistachios for a long time and also to prevent them from spoiling, pistachios should be dried first and then stored. Different methods of pistachio drying often affect its taste and quality. Therefore, in this article, a new method for drying pistachios based on catalytic heaters is proposed. In this research, the numerical modeling of a pistachio dryer using catalytic heaters as the latest combustion technology with high efficiency has been discussed The main goal of this research is to evaluate a mathematical model in order to investigate the effect of various functional parameters of the catalytic heater on the amount of shrinkage of dried pistachios, which indicates the drying quality of the product. The result of this research seeks to answer the question whether it is possible to obtain high-quality dried pistachios by using a catalytic heater compared to other drying methods. The results obtained from the numerical modeling show the very favorable quality of dried pistachios with the catalytic heater method.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_200568_b499bdfb090abe736c56a9bc47d3cc2c.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 An overview of the history of the refrigeration industry and strategies for the use of renewable energy sources An overview of the history of the refrigeration industry and strategies for the use of renewable energy sources 155 165 183872 10.22034/jrenew.2023.183872 FA S. Alireza Zarabadi Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran. Mostafa Mafi Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University 0000-0002-9494-6328 Journal Article 2021 08 04 Nowadays, Refrigeration systems play a very important and essential role in humans life, so that today's world cannot be imagined without refrigeration equipment. The range of these appliances is increasing daily, ranging from oil and gas equipment to air conditioning systems and health and nutrition. In the food industry, in addition to advances in the field of home refrigerators and cold storages for types of foods, we are seeing a growing expansion of stores and supermarkets that use refrigeration systems to keep food cool. With the increasing number of refrigeration equipment and the fact that they are one of the main consumers of electrical energy, in recent years extensive studies have been conducted to optimize this equipment both in terms of energy consumption and pollution of the environment is caused by the release of refrigerant material used in these devices. This article provides a comprehensive look at the history of refrigeration from a long time ago up to now. In this article, a comprehensive study of the history of refrigeration from the distant past to the present is taken. Also, considering the Futurology in this field and the need to use clean and renewable energies, the result was that it was necessary to supply some of the energy consumed by these systems with renewable energy. Nowadays, Refrigeration systems play a very important and essential role in humans life, so that today's world cannot be imagined without refrigeration equipment. The range of these appliances is increasing daily, ranging from oil and gas equipment to air conditioning systems and health and nutrition. In the food industry, in addition to advances in the field of home refrigerators and cold storages for types of foods, we are seeing a growing expansion of stores and supermarkets that use refrigeration systems to keep food cool. With the increasing number of refrigeration equipment and the fact that they are one of the main consumers of electrical energy, in recent years extensive studies have been conducted to optimize this equipment both in terms of energy consumption and pollution of the environment is caused by the release of refrigerant material used in these devices. This article provides a comprehensive look at the history of refrigeration from a long time ago up to now. In this article, a comprehensive study of the history of refrigeration from the distant past to the present is taken. Also, considering the Futurology in this field and the need to use clean and renewable energies, the result was that it was necessary to supply some of the energy consumed by these systems with renewable energy.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_183872_ce6d29b3db24d2a891d055374b673135.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 Design of offshore vertical axis wind turbine with porous blades Design of offshore vertical axis wind turbine with porous blades 166 175 185089 10.22034/jrenew.2023.185089 FA Hossein Seifi Davari Master of Mechanical Engineering, Department Marine of Engineering, Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, Iran 0000-0003-3905-8739 Mohsen Seifi Davary Master Civil Engineering Student, Islamic Azad University- Germi Branch, Germi, Iran 0000-0002-9323-3983 Shahriar Kouravand Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering, College of Abouraihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2022 11 26 Converting electricity from wind to electric power by Small Wind Turbines (SWTs) a lot helps to produce electricity. They can be utilized to generate different networks, including independent, connected and integrated networks. Due to the size and installation location, SWTs are suitable for use in low Reynolds numbers (Re). With the aim of developing a marine Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) with a porous blade in this research, simulations on different airfoils of NACA 4-digit, series 5-digit, and Selig profiles at different Re values of 60,000, 100,000, and 140,000, using the Double Multiple Stream Tube (DMST) with loss correction. In addition to blade specifications, turbine design parameters such as Aspect Ratio (AR) and solidity (σ) were also investigated by changing blade height and pitch. This paper presents an analysis for the design of a three-bladed VAWT to increase its aerodynamic performance in terms of power performance (Cp). The DMST approach, considering tip loss correction, is an effective lower-order accuracy performance prediction method for analyzing a wide range of turbine designs in a comparative manner with significantly lower computational cost. The study illustrated that the Selig S1046 airfoil to be suitable for wind tunnel tests at target chord Re in the specified Re range. The AR in different Re is more appropriate in the AR of 1.0 in lower and higher Re in a good range of TSR. Besides, the σ of 0.17 is suitable for increasing the turbine performance in the tested range. Converting electricity from wind to electric power by Small Wind Turbines (SWTs) a lot helps to produce electricity. They can be utilized to generate different networks, including independent, connected and integrated networks. Due to the size and installation location, SWTs are suitable for use in low Reynolds numbers (Re). With the aim of developing a marine Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) with a porous blade in this research, simulations on different airfoils of NACA 4-digit, series 5-digit, and Selig profiles at different Re values of 60,000, 100,000, and 140,000, using the Double Multiple Stream Tube (DMST) with loss correction. In addition to blade specifications, turbine design parameters such as Aspect Ratio (AR) and solidity (σ) were also investigated by changing blade height and pitch. This paper presents an analysis for the design of a three-bladed VAWT to increase its aerodynamic performance in terms of power performance (Cp). The DMST approach, considering tip loss correction, is an effective lower-order accuracy performance prediction method for analyzing a wide range of turbine designs in a comparative manner with significantly lower computational cost. The study illustrated that the Selig S1046 airfoil to be suitable for wind tunnel tests at target chord Re in the specified Re range. The AR in different Re is more appropriate in the AR of 1.0 in lower and higher Re in a good range of TSR. Besides, the σ of 0.17 is suitable for increasing the turbine performance in the tested range.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_185089_06d7f192f7b461eba5710ed636224849.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 Small scale wind turbines: A state of the art review Small scale wind turbines: A state of the art review 176 187 190797 10.22034/jrenew.2024.190797 FA Reza Mahmoodpoor Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran Amir Kiyoumarsioskouei Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran Amin Taraghi Osguei Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran Journal Article 2023 04 15 Over the last decade, wind turbine technology has made remarkable progress and new turbines with great variety has been proposed every year. Each of these products has its own advantages and can be very practical when operated under suitable conditions. However, due to their extensive functionalities and wide variety, selecting and operating the appropriate turbine often becomes a challenging and highly specialized task. The primary objective of this research is to examine and compare the advantages and disadvantages of wind energy harvesters, with the main focus on miniature wind turbines. The study contributes to the development of existing technical knowledge in the field of wind energy harvesters by compiling previous research on small wind turbines based on various physical characteristics such as power, structure, and performance. In addition, the article evaluates different harvesters based on statistical information and assesses innovative technologies and the combination of different energy harvesting methods. The comprehensive classification provided for these miniature systems reveals that, besides conventional wind turbines like vertical and horizontal axis turbines, new harvesters such as vortex-bladeless, EWICON, Sophonian, and Involex can perform well under suitable conditions, considering their working principles, energy conversion mechanism, and physical structure. Over the last decade, wind turbine technology has made remarkable progress and new turbines with great variety has been proposed every year. Each of these products has its own advantages and can be very practical when operated under suitable conditions. However, due to their extensive functionalities and wide variety, selecting and operating the appropriate turbine often becomes a challenging and highly specialized task. The primary objective of this research is to examine and compare the advantages and disadvantages of wind energy harvesters, with the main focus on miniature wind turbines. The study contributes to the development of existing technical knowledge in the field of wind energy harvesters by compiling previous research on small wind turbines based on various physical characteristics such as power, structure, and performance. In addition, the article evaluates different harvesters based on statistical information and assesses innovative technologies and the combination of different energy harvesting methods. The comprehensive classification provided for these miniature systems reveals that, besides conventional wind turbines like vertical and horizontal axis turbines, new harvesters such as vortex-bladeless, EWICON, Sophonian, and Involex can perform well under suitable conditions, considering their working principles, energy conversion mechanism, and physical structure.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_190797_7c881b0876c71a4a6b800e65fbff3209.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 Investigating the crisis of energy consumption in residential-commercial buildings and presenting a new solution using phase change materials nanocomposites Investigating the crisis of energy consumption in residential-commercial buildings and presenting a new solution using phase change materials nanocomposites 188 202 200150 10.22034/jrenew.2024.200150 FA Fariba Mohammadi Master's student, Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil Zahra Saeid Master's student, Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil Maryam Behzadi Master's student, Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil Hamideh Mahdavi Master's student, Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil Negin Vahidinia Master's student, Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil Aziz Babapoor Associate Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran Journal Article 2023 11 04 In this research, phase change materials (PCMs) have been examined as innovative tools for temperature control in thermal systems. These materials, operating intelligently without the need for mechanical equipment, undergo phase transitions naturally, adapting to environmental fluctuations and thereby enhancing energy efficiency in thermal systems. The study delves into the investigation and classification of the characteristics of these materials, along with their applications in various building components such as walls, windows, bricks, artificial stones, ceilings, and floors. The obtained results from the use of these materials indicate their potential as a novel solution for optimizing energy consumption in buildings. For instance, incorporating PCMs in walls leads to a reduction in thermal energy consumption, and utilizing nano-insulation in windows decreases the need for heating and cooling systems, providing users with greater independence from these facilities. Furthermore, the effect of PCMs in stones contributes to thermal stability, and in bricks, it significantly diminishes greenhouse gas emissions. Overall, the integration of PCMs in building floors enhances thermal storage capacity. These findings underscore the practical utility of PCM as an effective solution for improving the energy efficiency of buildings. In this research, phase change materials (PCMs) have been examined as innovative tools for temperature control in thermal systems. These materials, operating intelligently without the need for mechanical equipment, undergo phase transitions naturally, adapting to environmental fluctuations and thereby enhancing energy efficiency in thermal systems. The study delves into the investigation and classification of the characteristics of these materials, along with their applications in various building components such as walls, windows, bricks, artificial stones, ceilings, and floors. The obtained results from the use of these materials indicate their potential as a novel solution for optimizing energy consumption in buildings. For instance, incorporating PCMs in walls leads to a reduction in thermal energy consumption, and utilizing nano-insulation in windows decreases the need for heating and cooling systems, providing users with greater independence from these facilities. Furthermore, the effect of PCMs in stones contributes to thermal stability, and in bricks, it significantly diminishes greenhouse gas emissions. Overall, the integration of PCMs in building floors enhances thermal storage capacity. These findings underscore the practical utility of PCM as an effective solution for improving the energy efficiency of buildings.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_200150_40f77a976091548cc2e3d9b32ee6b342.pdf

Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 11 2 2024 09 22 A review of optimizing biogas production through pretreatment and pollution reduction A review of optimizing biogas production through pretreatment and pollution reduction 203 213 200573 10.22034/jrenew.2024.200573 FA Javad Tarighi Assistant Professor University of Mohaghegh Ardabili Himan Khodkam University of Mohagheg Ardabili , Ardabil, Iran 0000-0001-8333-1785 Ali Ghorbani University of Mohagheg Ardabili , Ardabil, Iran Journal Article 2023 12 25 Aside from energy production, biogas technology also contributes to mitigating environmental impacts. One of the key advantages of biogas is that it does not compete with human food sources. However, the main limiting factors include the digestibility of hemicellulose and cellulose in biomass, along with challenges related to lignin, cellulose crystallinity, and particle size. Lignin, abundant in softwoods, poses a complex structure, and its isolation remains a challenging issue that researchers are endeavoring to address. In the realm of enhancing productivity and achieving cost savings in biogas production, various measures have been implemented, with pretreatment emerging as a viable approach. Pretreatment involving physical, chemical, or biological methods can be applied to the digestion process. At this juncture, the emphasis should be on utilizing efficient and cost-effective methods and materials. Shredding biomass reduces its crystallinity by increasing the biodegradable surface area. Acidic pretreatment, avoided due to its cost and negative environmental impact, contrasts with the environmentally friendly and low energy consumption associated with biological pretreatments. Among the alkaline pretreatments, NaOH plays a significant role. Strong alkaline pretreatment is recommended for small digesters, while medium acid pretreatment is more suitable for larger digesters. The utilization of zero-valent iron nanoparticles is deemed as the most promising approach for enhancing biogas production. Furthermore, carbon-based nanoparticles have demonstrated a significant capability to enhance biogas production through electron transmission., In order to make biogas production affordable and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, carbon dioxide and hydrogen produced from biogas were used in industrial applications. Aside from energy production, biogas technology also contributes to mitigating environmental impacts. One of the key advantages of biogas is that it does not compete with human food sources. However, the main limiting factors include the digestibility of hemicellulose and cellulose in biomass, along with challenges related to lignin, cellulose crystallinity, and particle size. Lignin, abundant in softwoods, poses a complex structure, and its isolation remains a challenging issue that researchers are endeavoring to address. In the realm of enhancing productivity and achieving cost savings in biogas production, various measures have been implemented, with pretreatment emerging as a viable approach. Pretreatment involving physical, chemical, or biological methods can be applied to the digestion process. At this juncture, the emphasis should be on utilizing efficient and cost-effective methods and materials. Shredding biomass reduces its crystallinity by increasing the biodegradable surface area. Acidic pretreatment, avoided due to its cost and negative environmental impact, contrasts with the environmentally friendly and low energy consumption associated with biological pretreatments. Among the alkaline pretreatments, NaOH plays a significant role. Strong alkaline pretreatment is recommended for small digesters, while medium acid pretreatment is more suitable for larger digesters. The utilization of zero-valent iron nanoparticles is deemed as the most promising approach for enhancing biogas production. Furthermore, carbon-based nanoparticles have demonstrated a significant capability to enhance biogas production through electron transmission., In order to make biogas production affordable and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, carbon dioxide and hydrogen produced from biogas were used in industrial applications.

https://www.jrenew.ir/article_200573_b4d3ad756eb66749160bcd380a00ea3b.pdf