Iranian Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (IRSHRAE) Journal of Renewable and New Energy 2423-4931 7 1 2020 03 20 A review on the path to achieving 100% Renewable Energy System by 2050 - Case Study of Iran and Pakistan A review on the path to achieving 100% Renewable Energy System by 2050 - Case Study of Iran and Pakistan 57 64 93852 FA Mahshid Golestaneh Department of Chemistry, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2019 03 05 The main purpose of this review article is to review and compare how Iran's and Pakistan's energy systems will be transferred to a 100% renewable energy system by 2050. Iran and Pakistan are neighbors and the main source of energy in both countries is fossil fuels. But, Iran has major fossil resources, while Pakistan is an importer of fossil fuels.  Therefore, in this article, by reviewing the literature on designing a 100% renewable energy model for Iran and Pakistan, has been attempted to compare the energy transfer paths in these two countries. To simulate a fully sustainable energy system, an approximate hour-by-hour model for both Iran and Pakistan has been used between 2015 and 2050, which includes demand for electricity, seawater desalination and non-energetic industrial gas sectors. The levelised cost of electricity estimating show that renewable resources have the best efficiency and lowest cost among all options for achieving an energy system with a zero-emission of greenhouse gas. The analysis demonstrates that it is possible to carry out this transition from a technical and economic perspective with some measures being vital for achieving this ambition in a cost-effective manner. The main purpose of this review article is to review and compare how Iran's and Pakistan's energy systems will be transferred to a 100% renewable energy system by 2050. Iran and Pakistan are neighbors and the main source of energy in both countries is fossil fuels. But, Iran has major fossil resources, while Pakistan is an importer of fossil fuels.  Therefore, in this article, by reviewing the literature on designing a 100% renewable energy model for Iran and Pakistan, has been attempted to compare the energy transfer paths in these two countries. To simulate a fully sustainable energy system, an approximate hour-by-hour model for both Iran and Pakistan has been used between 2015 and 2050, which includes demand for electricity, seawater desalination and non-energetic industrial gas sectors. The levelised cost of electricity estimating show that renewable resources have the best efficiency and lowest cost among all options for achieving an energy system with a zero-emission of greenhouse gas. The analysis demonstrates that it is possible to carry out this transition from a technical and economic perspective with some measures being vital for achieving this ambition in a cost-effective manner. https://www.jrenew.ir/article_93852_f405999cbf5c984ebb4c33bd647dd49e.pdf