مروری بر نقش منابع انرژی تجدیدپذیر در توسعه پایدار

نوع مقاله : مقاله ترویجی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، شیمی کاربردی، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران

2 استادیار، شیمی تجزیه (الکتروشیمی)، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران تهران، ۴۴۱۳-۱۵۸۷۵

3 استاد، شیمی پلیمر، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران

چکیده

تقاضای انرژی جهانی بدلیل افزایش جمعیت و توسعه تکنولوژی بشدت بالا رفته است. بنابراین تمایل به سمت کاربرد منابع انرژی تجدیدپذیر با عمر بالا، قابل اعتماد و مقرون به صرفه افزایش یافته است. انرژی خورشیدی، از میان سایر منابع انرژی تجدیدپذیر، یک منبع انرژی امیدبخش دردسترس و رایگان است که می تواند برای بحران انرژی موجود مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. انرژی خورشیدی و تکنولوژی آن در تمام نقاط جهان در حال پیشرفت می‌باشد که دلیل آن کمبود منابع فسیلی و محدودیت‌های موجود در استفاده از سایر منابع انرژی می‌باشد. انرژی خورشیدی بدلیل مزایای فراوان مانند دردسترس بودن، مقرون به صرفه بودن، ظرفیت و بازده بالا در مقابل سایر منابع انرژی تجدیدپذیر، بهترین گزینه برای تامین انرژی جهان می‌باشد. این مقاله به بررسی لزوم نیاز به منابع انرژی تجدیدپذیر، صنایع انرژی خورشیدی، سناریوهای انرژی جهان و چالش‌های پیش رو می پردازد و انرژی خورشیدی را بعنوان یک گزینه مطلوب معرفی می‌نماید. همچنین فرصت‌های همراه با منابع انرزی تجدیدپذیر را مرور میکند که شامل امنیت انرژی، دسترسی به انرژی، توسعه اجتماعی و اقتصادی، کاهش تغییرات آب و هوایی و درنهایت کاهش خطرات سلامت می‌باشد. علیرغم فرصت‌هایی که بوجود می آید، چالش‌هایی نیز در زمینه توسعه پایدار منابع انرژی تجدیدپذیر وجود دارد.

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